Sun Yingshi (1154–1206) was a Southern Song scholar and official. His courtesy name was Jihe and his sobriquet was Zhuhu Jushi; he came from Yuyao (in present-day Zhejiang).
Life
Sun Yingshi was the son of Sun Jie, and his paternal uncle was Sun Bangren. He had one son, Sun Zukai, and two sons-in-law, Hu Yan and Fan Kejia.
In his early years he studied under Lu Jiuyuan and entered the Imperial Academy. He passed the jinshi examination in 1175, the second year of the Chunxi era.
He was appointed county lieutenant of Huangyan in Taizhou, later serving as assistant magistrate at Hailing and magistrate of Suian in Yanzhou. His offices also included the titles Chengyilang and Xuanjiaolang.
While he was county lieutenant of Huangyan, Zhu Xi, then an ever-normal commissioner, held him in high regard, and the two became friends. In 1192, the third year of the Shaoxi era, Qiu Chong, who was commanding Sichuan, recruited him into the headquarters staff; Sun once warned that Wu Xi was about to rebel.
He later became magistrate of Changshu. After completing his term, he was falsely accused of a deficit of 3,000 hu of granary grain and was demoted; the charge arose from the commandery governor’s personal resentment, and when townspeople paid it on his behalf, the governor became still angrier. In 1206, the second year of the Kaixi era, he was appointed to serve as assistant prefect of Shaowu Army (also described as being transferred to that post), but died before taking office, at the age of fifty-three.
Intellectual and Literary Activities
Sun studied with Lu Jiuyuan in his early years and also traveled with Lü Zuqian. When Sima Shu lived in Hailing while accompanying his father, he was able to attend Sun day and night because Sun was serving there as an assistant magistrate, and he later became Sun’s student.
His writings included letters, replies, epitaphs, biographical notices, sacrificial texts, records of Buddhist temples, prefaces, and explanations of style names and personal names. He wrote sacrificial texts for Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan. Yang Jian composed his funerary inscription, Sun Zhuhu kuangzhi.
Works and Posthumous Remembrance
He wrote Zhuhu ji. A ten-volume collection of his writings and other works were later lost; Qing bibliographers reconstructed a twenty-volume Zhuhu ji from Yongle dadian, with an appendix, and added newly collected poems from outside the collection at the end.
After his death, Yang Jian’s Sun Zhuhu kuangzhi and Zhang Hao’s biography of Sun Yingshi were associated with the appendix to Zhuhu ji.
References
- CBDB Sun Yingshi (16663)
- 搜韵 孫應時 (25194)
- Wikidata Sun Yingshi (Q10944740)